According to the historical chronicles collection of statistical data started in Georgia in XIII century. In the years of 1254-1258 Khan Arghun of Mongolia conducted the census of the population of Georgia and inventory of their assets. Since 1689, during the reign of Erekle I, chiefs of military-territorial units began conducting the population censuses in their regions once per seven years. The surviving books of XVII-XVIII cc. contain the data obtained from these censuses

On November 15, 1918 a temporary Bureau of Statistics was set up at the Ministry of Agriculture. The functions of the Bureau included developing the materials for conducting an agricultural inventory, recording the land bank and determining the norms for its distribution. On July 25, 1919 under the Law adopted by the Constituent Assembly, the Central Statistical Committee of the Republic was set up at the Ministry of Agriculture. The Committee was tasked to manage all the statistical works of state significance. 

After the Soviet occupation, on April 3, 1921 the Revolutionary Committee issued the Decree on Establishing the Central Statistics Division of Soviet Republic of Georgia and on July 4, 1921 the first charter for the state statistical bodies of Georgia was published. 

The statistical activities carried out in Georgia from the period of Sovietising our country till 1990s made up a portion of large scale statistics of the Soviet Union. The statistical activities were based on the Soviet standards and methodologies. 

After collapse of the Soviet Union, specifically in 1990s the need to make fundamental changes to all the tools and methods arose along with the need to identify different, alternative sources for obtaining the data. It became important to develop and introduce the indicators characteristic for a market economy. The characterization of institutional changes and ongoing reforms in the national economy became the subject of special interest. 

During 1991–1995, as it was stipulated by the Law of Georgia, dd 27 February 1991, on the Structure and the Rules of Operations of the Executive Power, the statistical activities in the country were carried out by the Social and Economic Information Committee established at the Supreme Council of Georgia. The Law on Statistics of Republic of Georgia provided the legal basis for statistical works. 

In 1995 when Georgia was moving to the market economy undergoing the transition period, in view of the priority of the state statistics, #181 Decision of the Cabinet of Ministers, dd 3 April 1995, established the State Fund of Statistics Development in order to support and further develop the facilities for carrying out statistical works. The Chairman of the Social and Economic Information Committee acted as the President of the Fund. 

During 1995–1997 the State Department of Social and Economic Information carried out the statistical works according to the Law of Georgia, dd 8 December 1995, on the Structure and the Rules of Operations of the Executive Power. 

At the Ordinance of the President of Georgia, from April 1996 to October 1997 the state temporary commission was set up in order to further develop the state statistics. High officials representing the Ministry of Economics of Georgia, State Department of Social and Economic Information, National Bank of Georgia, Ministry of Finance of Georgia and the State Chancellery served on the Commission. 

During 1997-2004 the State Department of Statistics of Georgia used to carry out the statistical activities. 

In 2004 the Department of Statistics was merged with the Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia and from this period until 11 December 2009 the Department of Statistics carried out the statistical activities as a subordinated body of the Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia. 

From 1998 till December 2009 the Law on Statistics, adopted in 1997, was applied.

At present the statistical activities are carried out by an independent body of National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat), the Legal Entity of Public Law. It carries out its functions taking into account the international methodology and standards. Since 11 December 2009 the Law of Georgia on Official Statistics provides a legal basis for its functioning.